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    主题：base包中函数的简单描述，依据library(help=base)中出现的条目。
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          base包中函数的简单描述，依据library(help=base)中出现的条目。
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             base包中函数的简单描述，依据library(help=base)中出现的条目。
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               2007年10月7日 下午11:56
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              <p>
               非常简陋，不当之处请大家多指教。
               <br/>
               ———————————————————————————
               <br/>
               base包中函数的简单描述：
               <br/>
               版本：2.5.1
               <br/>
               更新：2007-07-09 13:01:54
               <br/>
               环境：windows
              </p>
              <p>
               .Device                 Lists of Open/Active Graphics Devices
               <br/>
               已开启图形设备的列表
               <br/>
               .Internal               Call an Internal Function
               <br/>
               调用内部函数
               <br/>
               .Last.value             Value of Last Evaluated Expression
               <br/>
               最后一个表达式的解析值
               <br/>
               .Library                Search Paths for Packages
               <br/>
               包安装的路径
               <br/>
               .Machine                Numerical Characteristics of the Machine
               <br/>
               本机的数值指数
               <br/>
               .Platform               Platform Specific Variables
               <br/>
               操作平台设置值
               <br/>
               .Primitive              Call a "Primitive" Internal Function
               <br/>
               调用一个“Primitive”内部函数
               <br/>
               .Script                 Scripting Language Interface
               <br/>
               脚本语言接口
               <br/>
               .deparseOpts            Options for Expression Deparsing
               <br/>
               表达式逆分析选项
               <br/>
               .onLoad                 Hooks for Name Space events
               <br/>
               命名空间事件的异常分支
               <br/>
               .packages               Listing of Packages
               <br/>
               列出所有已安装包
               <br/>
               .standard_regexps       Miscellaneous Internal/Programming Utilities
               <br/>
               <br/>
               :                       Colon Operator
               <br/>
               冒号
               <br/>
               ::                      Double Colon and Triple Colon Operators
               <br/>
               双冒号
               <br/>
               &lt;-                      Assignment Operators
               <br/>
               赋值符号
               <br/>
               @                       Extract Slots
               <br/>
               提取slot
               <br/>
               Arithmetic              Arithmetic Operators
               <br/>
               算术运算
               <br/>
               AsIs                    Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
               <br/>
               阻止插值或转化运算
               <br/>
               Bessel                  Bessel Functions
               <br/>
               贝赛尔函数
               <br/>
               Comparison              Relational Operators
               <br/>
               关系运算
               <br/>
               Control                 Control Flow
               <br/>
               控制语句
               <br/>
               Cstack_info             Report Information on C Stack Size and Usage
               <br/>
               C堆栈大小和使用情况
               <br/>
               DateTimeClasses         Date-Time Classes
               <br/>
               日期——时间类
               <br/>
               Dates                   Date Class
               <br/>
               日期类
               <br/>
               Defunct                 Marking Objects as Defunct
               <br/>
               将对象标记为不再使用的
               <br/>
               Deprecated              Marking Objects as Deprecated
               <br/>
               将对象标记为反对使用的
               <br/>
               Encoding                Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
               <br/>
               读取或设置字符编码
               <br/>
               Extract                 Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
               <br/>
               提取或替换对象中的部分
               <br/>
               Foreign                 Foreign Function Interface
               <br/>
               外部函数接口
               <br/>
               InternalMethods         Internal Generic Functions
               <br/>
               内部泛型函数
               <br/>
               LETTERS                 Built-in Constants
               <br/>
               内置常量——大写字母向量
               <br/>
               Logic                   Logical Operators
               <br/>
               逻辑运算
               <br/>
               Memory                  Memory Available for Data Storage
               <br/>
               存储数据可用的内存
               <br/>
               Memory-limits           Memory Limits in R
               <br/>
               R中内存使用限制
               <br/>
               NA                      Not Available / "Missing" Values
               <br/>
               缺失值
               <br/>
               NULL                    The Null Object
               <br/>
               空对象
               <br/>
               NotYetImplemented       Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
               <br/>
               尚未实现的函数和未用的参数
               <br/>
               NumericConstants        Numeric Constants
               <br/>
               数值常量
               <br/>
               Ops.Date                Operators on the Date Class
               <br/>
               日期运算
               <br/>
               Paren                   Parentheses and Braces
               <br/>
               括号
               <br/>
               Quotes                  Quotes
               <br/>
               引号
               <br/>
               R.Version               Version Information
               <br/>
               版本信息
               <br/>
               R.home                  Return the R Home Directory
               <br/>
               R安装目录
               <br/>
               RNG                     Random Number Generation
               <br/>
               随机数生成
               <br/>
               Random.user             User-supplied Random Number Generation
               <br/>
               用户提供的随机数生成
               <br/>
               Rdconv                  Utilities for Processing Rd Files
               <br/>
               处理Rd文件的工具
               <br/>
               Recall                  Recursive Calling
               <br/>
               递归调用
               <br/>
               S3groupGeneric          S3 Group Generic Functions
               <br/>
               S3泛型函数
               <br/>
               Special                 Special Functions of Mathematics
               <br/>
               特殊函数
               <br/>
               Startup                 Initialization at Start of an R Session
               <br/>
               R会话初始化
               <br/>
               Syntax                  Operator Syntax and Precedence
               <br/>
               运算符号和优先级别
               <br/>
               Sys.getenv              Get Environment Variables
               <br/>
               获取环境变量
               <br/>
               Sys.getpid              Get the Process ID of the R Session
               <br/>
               获取R会话的ID
               <br/>
               Sys.glob                Wildcard Expansion on File Paths
               <br/>
               文件路径通配符扩展
               <br/>
               Sys.info                Extract System and User Information
               <br/>
               提取系统和用户信息
               <br/>
               Sys.setenv              Set or Unset Environment Variables
               <br/>
               设置调整环境变量
               <br/>
               Sys.sleep               Suspend Execution for a Time Interval
               <br/>
               中止运算一定时间
               <br/>
               Sys.time                Get Current Date, Time and Timezone
               <br/>
               获得当前日期、时间和时区
               <br/>
               Trig                    Trigonometric Functions
               <br/>
               三角函数
               <br/>
               UseMethod               Class Methods
               <br/>
               类方法
               <br/>
               [.data.frame            Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
               <br/>
               提取或替换数据框的部分
               <br/>
               [.factor                Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
               <br/>
               提取或替换因子的部分
               <br/>
               abbreviate              Abbreviate Strings
               <br/>
               字符串缩略
               <br/>
               abs                     Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
               <br/>
               绝对值或复数的模
               <br/>
               addTaskCallback         Add or remove a top-level task callback
               <br/>
               添加或删除顶层的任务回收
               <br/>
               agrep                   Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)
               <br/>
               字符串模糊匹配
               <br/>
               all                     Are All Values True?
               <br/>
               所有值是否为真
               <br/>
               all.equal               Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
               <br/>
               两个对象是否相等（近似）
               <br/>
               all.names               Find All Names in an Expression
               <br/>
               返回表达式中的所有名称
               <br/>
               any                     Are Some Values True?
               <br/>
               是否存在值为真
               <br/>
               aperm                   Array Transposition
               <br/>
               数组转置
               <br/>
               append                  Vector Merging
               <br/>
               向量合并
               <br/>
               apply                   Apply Functions Over Array Margins
               <br/>
               将函数用于数组的某维
               <br/>
               args                    Argument List of a Function
               <br/>
               函数的参数列表
               <br/>
               array                   Multi-way Arrays
               <br/>
               多位数组
               <br/>
               as.POSIXct              Date-time Conversion Functions
               <br/>
               日期——时间转换函数
               <br/>
               as.data.frame           Coerce to a Data Frame
               <br/>
               强制转换为一个数据框
               <br/>
               as.environment          Coerce to an Environment Object
               <br/>
               强制转换为一个环境对象
               <br/>
               as.function             Convert Object to Function
               <br/>
               将对象转换为函数
               <br/>
               assign                  Assign a Value to a Name
               <br/>
               赋值到一个名称
               <br/>
               attach                  Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
               <br/>
               添加R对象到搜索路径
               <br/>
               attachNamespace         Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
               <br/>
               加载和移去命名空间
               <br/>
               attr                    Object Attributes
               <br/>
               对象属性
               <br/>
               attributes              Object Attribute Lists
               <br/>
               对象属性列表
               <br/>
               autoload                On-demand Loading of Packages
               <br/>
               自动加载
               <br/>
               backsolve               Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
               <br/>
               解三角矩阵的线性方程
               <br/>
               base-deprecated         Deprecated Functions in Base package
               <br/>
               base包中反对使用的函数
               <br/>
               base-package            The R Base Package
               <br/>
               base包
               <br/>
               basename                Manipulate File Paths
               <br/>
               文件路径操作
               <br/>
               body                    Access to and Manipulation of the Body of a Function
               <br/>
               读取或操作函数体
               <br/>
               bquote                  Partial substitution in expressions
               <br/>
               表达式部分替换
               <br/>
               browser                 Environment Browser
               <br/>
               环境浏览
               <br/>
               builtins                Returns the Names of All Built-in Objects
               <br/>
               返回所有内置对象的名称
               <br/>
               by                      Apply a Function to a Data Frame split by Factors
               <br/>
               将函数作用于通过因子划分的数据框
               <br/>
               c                       Combine Values into a Vector or List
               <br/>
               合并值到向量或列表中
               <br/>
               call                    Function Calls
               <br/>
               函数调用
               <br/>
               callCC                  Call With Current Continuation
               <br/>
               当前连续调用
               <br/>
               capabilities            Report Capabilities of this Build of R
               <br/>
               报告当前安装的R的功能
               <br/>
               cat                     Concatenate and Print
               <br/>
               连接并输出
               <br/>
               cbind                   Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
               <br/>
               列合并
               <br/>
               ceiling                 Rounding of Numbers
               <br/>
               返回不小于参数最小整数
               <br/>
               char.expand             Expand a String with Respect to a Target Table
               <br/>
               通过指定的扩展表扩展字符串
               <br/>
               charToRaw               Convert to or from Raw Vectors
               <br/>
               字符串转换为raw向量
               <br/>
               character               Character Vectors
               <br/>
               字符串向量
               <br/>
               charmatch               Partial String Matching
               <br/>
               字符串部分匹配
               <br/>
               chartr                  Character Translation and Casefolding
               <br/>
               字符转化
               <br/>
               chol                    The Choleski Decomposition
               <br/>
               Cholesik分解
               <br/>
               chol2inv                Inverse from Choleski Decomposition
               <br/>
               Cholesik逆分解
               <br/>
               class                   Object Classes
               <br/>
               对象的类
               <br/>
               col                     Column Indexes
               <br/>
               列指标
               <br/>
               colSums                 Form Row and Column Sums and Means
               <br/>
               列和
               <br/>
               commandArgs             Extract Command Line Arguments
               <br/>
               提取行命令参数
               <br/>
               comment                 Query or Set a 'Comment' Attribute
               <br/>
               查询或设置注视属性
               <br/>
               complex                 Complex Vectors
               <br/>
               复数向量
               <br/>
               conditions              Condition Handling and Recovery
               <br/>
               条件处理和恢复
               <br/>
               conflicts               Search for Masked Objects on the Search Path
               <br/>
               在搜索路径选择屏蔽的对象
               <br/>
               connections             Functions to Manipulate Connections
               <br/>
               操作连接的函数
               <br/>
               contributors            R Project Contributors
               <br/>
               R项目的贡献者
               <br/>
               copyright               Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
               <br/>
               R文件的版权说明
               <br/>
               cosh                    Hyperbolic Functions
               <br/>
               双曲函数
               <br/>
               crossprod               Matrix Crossproduct
               <br/>
               矩阵叉乘
               <br/>
               cumsum                  Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
               <br/>
               累积和
               <br/>
               cut                     Convert Numeric to Factor
               <br/>
               将数值转化为因子
               <br/>
               cut.POSIXt              Convert a Date or Date-Time Object to a Factor
               <br/>
               将日期或日期——时间对象转化为因子
               <br/>
               data.class              Object Classes
               <br/>
               对象类型
               <br/>
               data.frame              Data Frames
               <br/>
               数据框
               <br/>
               data.matrix             Convert a Data Frame to a Numeric Matrix
               <br/>
               将数据框转化为数值矩阵
               <br/>
               date                    System Date and Time
               <br/>
               系统日期和时间
               <br/>
               debug                   Debug a Function
               <br/>
               函数调试
               <br/>
               delayedAssign           Delay Evaluation
               <br/>
               延后运算
               <br/>
               deparse                 Expression Deparsing
               <br/>
               表达式解析
               <br/>
               det                     Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
               <br/>
               矩阵行列式
               <br/>
               detach                  Detach Objects from the Search Path
               <br/>
               从搜索路径卸载对象
               <br/>
               diag                    Matrix Diagonals
               <br/>
               矩阵对角线
               <br/>
               diff                    Lagged Differences
               <br/>
               差分
               <br/>
               difftime                Time Intervals
               <br/>
               时间间隔
               <br/>
               dim                     Dimensions of an Object
               <br/>
               对象的维数
               <br/>
               dimnames                Dimnames of an Object
               <br/>
               对象维名称
               <br/>
               do.call                 Execute a Function Call
               <br/>
               执行调用函数
               <br/>
               double                  Double Precision Vectors
               <br/>
               双精度向量
               <br/>
               dput                    Write an Object to a File or Recreate it
               <br/>
               把对象写入到文件
               <br/>
               drop                    Drop Redundant Extent Information
               <br/>
               去掉冗余信息
               <br/>
               dump                    Text Representations of R Objects
               <br/>
               R对象的文本表示
               <br/>
               duplicated              Determine Duplicate Elements
               <br/>
               确定重复元素
               <br/>
               dyn.load                Foreign Function Interface
               <br/>
               外部函数接口
               <br/>
               eapply                  Apply a Function over values in an environment
               <br/>
               在一个环境中将函数运用于值
               <br/>
               eigen                   Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
               <br/>
               矩阵的特征值和特征向量
               <br/>
               encodeString            Encode Character Vector as for Printing
               <br/>
               给字符编码用于输出
               <br/>
               environment             Environment Access
               <br/>
               访问环境
               <br/>
               eval                    Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
               <br/>
               运算一个表达式
               <br/>
               exists                  Is an Object Defined?
               <br/>
               对象是否定义
               <br/>
               expand.grid             Create a Data Frame from All Combinations of Factors
               <br/>
               因子全组合生成数据框
               <br/>
               expression              Unevaluated Expressions
               <br/>
               为运算的表达式
               <br/>
               factor                  Factors
               <br/>
               因子
               <br/>
               file.access             Ascertain File Accessibility
               <br/>
               确定文件是否可访问
               <br/>
               file.choose             Choose a File Interactively
               <br/>
               交互选择一个文件
               <br/>
               file.info               Extract File Information
               <br/>
               提取文件信息
               <br/>
               file.path               Construct Path to File
               <br/>
               生成文件路径
               <br/>
               file.show               Display One or More Files
               <br/>
               展示一个或多个文件
               <br/>
               files                   File and Directory Manipulation
               <br/>
               文件和目录操作
               <br/>
               findInterval            Find Interval Numbers or Indices
               <br/>
               寻找数值区间
               <br/>
               force                   Force Evaluation of an Argument
               <br/>
               强制参数运算
               <br/>
               formals                 Access to and Manipulation of the Formal Arguments
               <br/>
               访问和操作正式参数
               <br/>
               format                  Encode in a Common Format
               <br/>
               普通格式编码
               <br/>
               format.Date             Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
               <br/>
               日期和字符串相互转换
               <br/>
               format.info             format(.) Information
               <br/>
               格式化信息
               <br/>
               format.pval             Format P Values
               <br/>
               格式化P值
               <br/>
               formatC                 Formatting Using C-style Formats
               <br/>
               C语言格式
               <br/>
               formatDL                Format Description Lists
               <br/>
               function                Function Definition
               <br/>
               函数定义
               <br/>
               gc                      Garbage Collection
               <br/>
               垃圾收集
               <br/>
               gc.time                 Report Time Spent in Garbage Collection
               <br/>
               报告垃圾收集时间
               <br/>
               gctorture               Torture Garbage Collector
               <br/>
               垃圾回收器
               <br/>
               get                     Return the Value of a Named Object
               <br/>
               返回命名对象的值
               <br/>
               getCallingDLL           Compute DLL for native interface call
               <br/>
               估算本地调用接口的DLL
               <br/>
               getDLLRegisteredRoutines        Reflectance Information for C/Fortran routines in a DLL
               <br/>
               DLL中C/Fortran例程反射的信息
               <br/>
               getHook                 Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
               <br/>
               获取或设置异常分支的函数用于加载、添加、摘除、卸载
               <br/>
               getLoadedDLLs           Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
               <br/>
               在当前会话加载DLL
               <br/>
               getNativeSymbolInfo     Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
               <br/>
               获得一个或多个本机（C/Fortran）
               <br/>
               getNumCConverters       Management of .C argument conversion list
               <br/>
               管理.C参数转化表
               <br/>
               getTaskCallbackNames    Query the names of the current internal top-level task callbacks
               <br/>
               查询当前内部顶层任务回叫
               <br/>
               gettext                 Translate Text Messages
               <br/>
               翻译文本信息
               <br/>
               getwd                   Get or Set Working Directory
               <br/>
               获取工作路径
               <br/>
               gl                      Generate Factor Levels
               <br/>
               生成因子水平
               <br/>
               grep                    Pattern Matching and Replacement
               <br/>
               模式匹配
               <br/>
               gzcon                   (De)compress I/O Through Connections
               <br/>
               通过连接压缩（解压）输入输出
               <br/>
               hexmode                 Display Numbers in Hexadecimal
               <br/>
               十六进制模式
               <br/>
               iconv                   Convert Character Vector between Encodings
               <br/>
               在编码之间转化字符串向量
               <br/>
               identical               Test Objects for Exact Equality
               <br/>
               精确检验对象是否相等
               <br/>
               ifelse                  Conditional Element Selection
               <br/>
               条件选择
               <br/>
               integer                 Integer Vectors
               <br/>
               整数向量
               <br/>
               interaction             Compute Factor Interactions
               <br/>
               计算因子交互效应
               <br/>
               interactive             Is R Running Interactively?
               <br/>
               是否R是交互式环境
               <br/>
               invisible               Change the Print Mode to Invisible
               <br/>
               <br/>
               is.R                    Are we using R, rather than S?
               <br/>
               is.finite               Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
               <br/>
               是否有限值
               <br/>
               is.function             Is an Object of Type (Primitive) Function?
               <br/>
               是否为函数
               <br/>
               is.language             Is an Object a Language Object?
               <br/>
               是否语言对象
               <br/>
               is.object               Is an Object "internally classed"?
               <br/>
               是否内置对象
               <br/>
               is.recursive            Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
               <br/>
               是否递归对象
               <br/>
               is.single               Is an Object of Single Precision Type?
               <br/>
               是否单精度
               <br/>
               isS4                    Test for an S4 object
               <br/>
               是否S4对象
               <br/>
               isSymmetric             Test if a Matrix or other Object is Symmetric
               <br/>
               是否对称矩阵
               <br/>
               jitter                  Add 'Jitter' (Noise) to Numbers
               <br/>
               数字添加噪声
               <br/>
               kappa                   Estimate the Condition Number
               <br/>
               估计条件数
               <br/>
               kronecker               Kronecker products on arrays
               <br/>
               数组的Kronecker内积
               <br/>
               l10n_info               Localization Information
               <br/>
               本地化信息
               <br/>
               labels                  Find Labels from Object
               <br/>
               对象标签
               <br/>
               lapply                  Apply a Function over a List or Vector
               <br/>
               将函数作用于列表或向量
               <br/>
               length                  Length of an Object
               <br/>
               对象长度
               <br/>
               levels                  Levels Attributes
               <br/>
               水平属性
               <br/>
               library                 Loading and Listing of Packages
               <br/>
               导入或列出已安装包
               <br/>
               library.dynam           Loading Shared Libraries
               <br/>
               导入共享库
               <br/>
               license                 The R License Terms
               <br/>
               R许可证
               <br/>
               list                    Lists — Generic and Dotted Pairs
               <br/>
               列表
               <br/>
               list.files              List the Files in a Directory/Folder
               <br/>
               列出目录中的文件
               <br/>
               load                    Reload Saved Datasets
               <br/>
               重载保存的数据集
               <br/>
               localeconv              Find Details of the Numerical and Monetary Representations in the Current Local
               <br/>
               寻找当前本地化的数值和货币表示细节
               <br/>
               locales                 Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
               <br/>
               查询或设置本地化设置
               <br/>
               log                     Logarithms and Exponentials
               <br/>
               对数运算
               <br/>
               logical                 Logical Vectors
               <br/>
               逻辑向量
               <br/>
               lower.tri               Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
               <br/>
               下三角矩阵
               <br/>
               ls                      List Objects
               <br/>
               列出对象
               <br/>
               make.names              Make Syntactically Valid Names
               <br/>
               生成符合语法规范的名称
               <br/>
               make.unique             Make Character Strings Unique
               <br/>
               使得字符串唯一
               <br/>
               manglePackageName       Mangle the Package Name
               <br/>
               <br/>
               mapply                  Apply a function to multiple list or vector arguments
               <br/>
               <br/>
               margin.table            Compute table margin
               <br/>
               计算列联表的边际
               <br/>
               mat.or.vec              Create a Matrix or a Vector
               <br/>
               生成矩阵或向量
               <br/>
               match                   Value Matching
               <br/>
               值匹配
               <br/>
               match.arg               Argument Verification Using Partial Matching
               <br/>
               使用部分匹配验证参数
               <br/>
               match.call              Argument Matching
               <br/>
               参数匹配
               <br/>
               match.fun               Function Verification for "Function Variables"
               <br/>
               函数验证
               <br/>
               matmult                 Matrix Multiplication
               <br/>
               矩阵乘法
               <br/>
               matrix                  Matrices
               <br/>
               矩阵
               <br/>
               max                     Maxima and Minima
               <br/>
               最大值
               <br/>
               max.col                 Find Maximum Position in Matrix
               <br/>
               矩阵中最大值的位置
               <br/>
               mean                    Arithmetic Mean
               <br/>
               算术平均值
               <br/>
               memory.profile          Profile the Usage of Cons Cells
               <br/>
               <br/>
               merge                   Merge Two Data Frames
               <br/>
               合并两个数据框
               <br/>
               message                 Diagnostic Messages
               <br/>
               诊断信息
               <br/>
               missing                 Does a Formal Argument have a Value?
               <br/>
               正式参数是否有值
               <br/>
               mode                    The (Storage) Mode of an Object
               <br/>
               对象的存储方式
               <br/>
               name                    Names and Symbols
               <br/>
               名称和符号
               <br/>
               names                   The Names of an Object
               <br/>
               对象的名称
               <br/>
               nargs                   The Number of Arguments to a Function
               <br/>
               函数的参数个数
               <br/>
               nchar                   Count the Number of Characters (Bytes)
               <br/>
               字符串的长度
               <br/>
               nlevels                 The Number of Levels of a Factor
               <br/>
               因子的水平数
               <br/>
               noquote                 Class for "no quote" Printing of Character Strings
               <br/>
               <br/>
               nrow                    The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
               <br/>
               数组的行数
               <br/>
               numeric                 Numeric Vectors
               <br/>
               数值向量
               <br/>
               octmode                 Display Numbers in Octal
               <br/>
               八进制法数字
               <br/>
               on.exit                 Function Exit Code
               <br/>
               函数退出
               <br/>
               options                 Options Settings
               <br/>
               选项
               <br/>
               order                   Ordering Permutation
               <br/>
               顺序排列
               <br/>
               outer                   Outer Product of Arrays
               <br/>
               数组外积
               <br/>
               package_version         Package versions
               <br/>
               包版本
               <br/>
               parse                   Parse Expressions
               <br/>
               解析表达式
               <br/>
               paste                   Concatenate Strings
               <br/>
               连接字符串
               <br/>
               path.expand             Expand File Paths
               <br/>
               文件路径展开
               <br/>
               pmatch                  Partial String Matching
               <br/>
               字符串部分匹配
               <br/>
               polyroot                Find Zeros of a Real or Complex Polynomial
               <br/>
               多项式求根
               <br/>
               pos.to.env              Convert Positions in the Search Path to Environments
               <br/>
               转换搜索路径位置为环境
               <br/>
               pretty                  Pretty Breakpoints
               <br/>
               美观断点
               <br/>
               print                   Print Values
               <br/>
               输出值
               <br/>
               print.data.frame        Printing Data Frames
               <br/>
               输出数据框
               <br/>
               print.default           Default Printing
               <br/>
               默认输出
               <br/>
               prmatrix                Print Matrices, Old-style
               <br/>
               旧形式输出矩阵
               <br/>
               proc.time               Running Time of R
               <br/>
               R运行时间
               <br/>
               prod                    Product of Vector Elements
               <br/>
               向量预算乘积
               <br/>
               prop.table              Express Table Entries as Fraction of Marginal Table
               <br/>
               基于列联表边际分布的比例（百分比）
               <br/>
               pushBack                Push Text Back on to a Connection
               <br/>
               将文本后推入连接
               <br/>
               qr                      The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
               <br/>
               矩阵QR分解
               <br/>
               qr.X                    Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
               <br/>
               重构QR对象中Q、R或X矩阵
               <br/>
               quit                    Terminate an R Session
               <br/>
               推出R会话
               <br/>
               range                   Range of Values
               <br/>
               值得范围
               <br/>
               rank                    Sample Ranks
               <br/>
               样本的秩
               <br/>
               rapply                  Recursively Apply a Function to a List
               <br/>
               递归将函数作用于列表
               <br/>
               raw                     Raw Vectors
               <br/>
               raw向量
               <br/>
               read.dcf                Read and Write Data in DCF Format
               <br/>
               读取DCF格式数据
               <br/>
               readBin                 Transfer Binary Data To and From Connections
               <br/>
               从连接读入写出二进制数据
               <br/>
               readChar                Transfer Character Strings To and From Connections
               <br/>
               从连接读入写出字符串
               <br/>
               readLines               Read Text Lines from a Connection
               <br/>
               从连接读取字符行
               <br/>
               readline                Read a Line from the Terminal
               <br/>
               从终端读取行
               <br/>
               real                    Real Vectors
               <br/>
               实数向量
               <br/>
               reg.finalizer           Finalization of Objects
               <br/>
               终止对象
               <br/>
               regex                   Regular Expressions as used in R
               <br/>
               R中正则表达式
               <br/>
               remove                  Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
               <br/>
               从制定环境中以除对象
               <br/>
               rep                     Replicate Elements of Vectors and Lists
               <br/>
               复制向量或列表的元素
               <br/>
               replace                 Replace Values in a Vector
               <br/>
               替换向量中的值
               <br/>
               rev                     Reverse Elements
               <br/>
               元素逆转
               <br/>
               rle                     Run Length Encoding
               <br/>
               运行长度编码
               <br/>
               round.POSIXt            Round / Truncate Data-Time Objects
               <br/>
               截取时间-日期对象
               <br/>
               row                     Row Indexes
               <br/>
               行索引
               <br/>
               row.names               Get and Set Row Names for Data Frames
               <br/>
               获取设置数据框行名
               <br/>
               rownames                Row and Column Names
               <br/>
               行名
               <br/>
               rowsum                  Give column sums of a matrix or data frame, based on a grouping variable
               <br/>
               返回矩阵或数据框行和
               <br/>
               sQuote                  Quote Text
               <br/>
               给文本添加引号
               <br/>
               sample                  Random Samples and Permutations
               <br/>
               随机抽样和重排
               <br/>
               save                    Save R Objects
               <br/>
               保存R对象
               <br/>
               scale                   Scaling and Centering of Matrix-like Objects
               <br/>
               矩阵类型对象的标准化和中心化
               <br/>
               scan                    Read Data Values
               <br/>
               读取数值
               <br/>
               search                  Give Search Path for R Objects
               <br/>
               列出R对象的搜索路径
               <br/>
               seek                    Functions to Reposition Connections
               <br/>
               复原连接函数
               <br/>
               seq                     Sequence Generation
               <br/>
               生成序列
               <br/>
               seq.Date                Generate Regular Sequences of Dates
               <br/>
               生成规则日期序列
               <br/>
               seq.POSIXt              Generate Regular Sequences of Dates
               <br/>
               生成规则日期序列
               <br/>
               sequence                Create A Vector of Sequences
               <br/>
               生成序列向量
               <br/>
               shQuote                 Quote Strings for Use in OS Shells
               <br/>
               用于系统内部指令的字符串加引号
               <br/>
               shell                   Invoke a System Command, using a Shell
               <br/>
               使用Shell调用系统命令
               <br/>
               shell.exec              Open a File or URL using Windows File Associations
               <br/>
               使用Windows文件关联功能打开文件或连接
               <br/>
               showConnections         Display Connections
               <br/>
               展示连接信息
               <br/>
               sign                    Sign Function
               <br/>
               符号函数
               <br/>
               sink                    Send R Output to a File
               <br/>
               将R输出发送到文件
               <br/>
               slice.index             Slice Indexes in an Array
               <br/>
               数组切片
               <br/>
               socketSelect            Wait on Socket Connections
               <br/>
               等待套接连接
               <br/>
               solve                   Solve a System of Equations
               <br/>
               解方程
               <br/>
               sort                    Sorting or Ordering Vectors
               <br/>
               向量排序
               <br/>
               source                  Read R Code from a File or a Connection
               <br/>
               从文件或连接中读取R代码
               <br/>
               split                   Divide into Groups
               <br/>
               分割为组
               <br/>
               sprintf                 Use C-style String Formatting Commands
               <br/>
               C语言形式字符串
               <br/>
               srcfile                 References to source files
               <br/>
               引用源文件
               <br/>
               stop                    Stop Function Execution
               <br/>
               停止函数执行
               <br/>
               stopifnot               Ensure the 'Truth' of R Expressions
               <br/>
               确保R表达式为真值
               <br/>
               strptime                Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
               <br/>
               日期-时间和字符串转化函数
               <br/>
               strsplit                Split the Elements of a Character Vector
               <br/>
               字符串向量元素拆分
               <br/>
               strtrim                 Trim Character Strings to Specified Widths
               <br/>
               修剪字符串到指定的宽度
               <br/>
               structure               Attribute Specification
               <br/>
               属性说明
               <br/>
               strwrap                 Wrap Character Strings to Format Paragraphs
               <br/>
               包装字符串形成段落
               <br/>
               subset                  Subsetting Vectors, Matrices and Data Frames
               <br/>
               提取向量、矩阵和数据框部分
               <br/>
               substitute              Substituting and Quoting Expressions
               <br/>
               替换和引用表达式
               <br/>
               substr                  Substrings of a Character Vector
               <br/>
               字符串的子字符串
               <br/>
               sum                     Sum of Vector Elements
               <br/>
               向量元素之和
               <br/>
               summary                 Object Summaries
               <br/>
               对象汇总信息
               <br/>
               svd                     Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
               <br/>
               矩阵的svd分解
               <br/>
               sweep                   Sweep out Array Summaries
               <br/>
               去掉数组汇总值
               <br/>
               switch                  Select One of a List of Alternatives
               <br/>
               选择列表中一个对象
               <br/>
               sys.parent              Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
               <br/>
               访问函数调用堆栈的函数
               <br/>
               sys.source              Parse and Evaluate Expressions from a File
               <br/>
               从文件解析和运算表达式
               <br/>
               system                  Invoke a System Command
               <br/>
               调用系统命令
               <br/>
               system.file             Find Names of R System Files
               <br/>
               寻找R系统文件名
               <br/>
               system.time             CPU Time Used
               <br/>
               已用CPU时间
               <br/>
               t                       Matrix Transpose
               <br/>
               矩阵转置
               <br/>
               table                   Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
               <br/>
               列联表和生成表
               <br/>
               tabulate                Tabulation for Vectors
               <br/>
               向量列联表
               <br/>
               tapply                  Apply a Function Over a "Ragged" Array
               <br/>
               将函数作用于一个“参差不齐”的数组
               <br/>
               taskCallbackManager     Create an R-level task callback manager
               <br/>
               生成一个R层次的任务回收管理
               <br/>
               tempfile                Create Names for Temporary Files
               <br/>
               生成临时文件的名称
               <br/>
               textConnection          Text Connections
               <br/>
               文本连接
               <br/>
               tilde                   Tilde Operator
               <br/>
               波浪号运算[用于定义公式]
               <br/>
               toString                Convert an R Object to a Character String
               <br/>
               将对象转化为字符串
               <br/>
               topenv                  Top Level Environment
               <br/>
               顶层环境
               <br/>
               trace                   Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
               <br/>
               交互式跟踪调试函数或方法的调用
               <br/>
               traceback               Print Call Stacks
               <br/>
               输出调用堆栈
               <br/>
               tracemem                Trace Copying of Objects
               <br/>
               跟踪对象复制过程
               <br/>
               transform               Transform an Object, for Example a Data Frame
               <br/>
               对象转化[用于数据框中变量转化计算]
               <br/>
               try                     Try an Expression Allowing Error Recovery
               <br/>
               允许错误恢复的表达式试运算
               <br/>
               typeof                  The Type of an Object
               <br/>
               对象的类型
               <br/>
               union                   Set Operations
               <br/>
               集合并
               <br/>
               unique                  Extract Unique Elements
               <br/>
               提取不重复的元素
               <br/>
               unlink                  Delete Files and Directories
               <br/>
               删除文件和目录
               <br/>
               unlist                  Flatten Lists
               <br/>
               列表拉平
               <br/>
               unname                  Remove 'names' or 'dimnames'
               <br/>
               移去名称和维名称
               <br/>
               utf8ToInt               Convert to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
               <br/>
               UTF-8编码和字符串向量转化
               <br/>
               vector                  Vectors
               <br/>
               向量
               <br/>
               warning                 Warning Messages
               <br/>
               警告信息
               <br/>
               warnings                Print Warning Messages
               <br/>
               输出警告信息
               <br/>
               weekdays                Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
               <br/>
               提取日期对象的周日
               <br/>
               which                   Which indices are TRUE?
               <br/>
               返回真值的索引
               <br/>
               which.min               Where is the Min() or Max() ?
               <br/>
               返回最小值的索引
               <br/>
               with                    Evaluate an Expression in a Data Environment
               <br/>
               在数据环境下运算表达式
               <br/>
               write                   Write Data to a File
               <br/>
               将数据写入文件
               <br/>
               writeLines              Write Lines to a Connection
               <br/>
               分行写入连接中
              </p>
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            <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-235485">
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              <span class="bbp-reply-post-date">
               2007年10月8日 上午9:26
              </span>
              <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/8162/#post-235485">
               2 楼
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            <div class="even bbp-parent-forum-999 bbp-parent-topic-8162 bbp-reply-position-2 user-id-1 post-235485 reply type-reply status-publish hentry">
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               <img src="http://sdn.geekzu.org/avatar/1022d8e6ebc94e8f6bca9a86cebe312a?s=80&amp;d=monsterid&amp;r=g"/>
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              <br/>
              <a class="bbp-author-name" href="http://cos.name/cn/profile/1/" rel="nofollow" title="查看谢益辉的档案">
               谢益辉
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               站长
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               Thanks! :)
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            <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-235491">
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              <span class="bbp-reply-post-date">
               2007年10月8日 上午10:31
              </span>
              <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/8162/#post-235491">
               3 楼
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              <br/>
              <a class="bbp-author-name" href="http://cos.name/cn/profile/336/" rel="nofollow" title="查看刘思喆的档案">
               刘思喆
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               版主
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               Good
              </p>
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            <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-256715">
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              <span class="bbp-reply-post-date">
               2008年10月21日 下午4:28
              </span>
              <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/8162/#post-256715">
               4 楼
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               <img src="http://sdn.geekzu.org/avatar/c756f0debd02bd11e1c0f1d2cf0beeb5?s=80&amp;d=monsterid&amp;r=g"/>
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              <br/>
              <a class="bbp-author-name" href="http://cos.name/cn/profile/13526/" rel="nofollow" title="查看cloud wei的档案">
               cloud wei
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               版主
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             <div class="bbp-reply-content">
              <p>
               好东西。
              </p>
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            <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-256726">
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               2008年10月22日 上午1:12
              </span>
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               5 楼
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               <img src="http://sdn.geekzu.org/avatar/de94da9ded3bb36fb91f2579d83b63c4?s=80&amp;d=monsterid&amp;r=g"/>
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              <br/>
              <a class="bbp-author-name" href="http://cos.name/cn/profile/84117/" rel="nofollow" title="查看suncx的档案">
               suncx
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               普通会员
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               很好的东西！
              </p>
              <p>
               对我来说有帮助！
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